Turkish and Persian Rugs Comparison

Oriental rugs are mainly classified into Turkish and Persian. Turkish and Persian rugs mainly differ according to their knotting techniques and design. The most obvious difference between a Turkish rug and a Persian rug is their design.

Majority of the Turkish rugs are knotted with Turkish knots and it is almost impossible to see a Turkish rug knotted with Persian Knot technique but we cannot say the same for Persian rugs. Majority of the rugs knotted in Northern and North Western Iran (also known as Southern Azerbaijan) are knotted with Turkish knot technique because they are woven by ethnic Turkic people and they use the "Turkish knots" on their rugs. Apart from this geography, rest of the rugs knotted in Iran is with Persian knots. Also Pakistan, India and Afghanistan use Persian knot technique. 

So, when we classify Persian rugs, we categorize them with their techniques and style not as a product of Islamic Republic of Iran.

Knotted-pile Carpet

A knotted-pile carpet is a carpet containing raised surfaces, or piles, from the cut off ends of knots woven between the warp and weft.  A flat or tapestry woven carpet, without pile, is a kilim. A pile carpet is influenced by width and number of warp and weft, pile height, knots used, and knot density.

Turkish Knot (a.k.a. Ghiordes Knot)

To make the Turkish knot, the yarn is wrapped across two adjoining warp strands and it is then pulled back through the inside of both warps and drawn through the center so that both ends emerge from between the same warps. This process produces a very secure pile construction

Persian Knot (a.k.a. Senneh Knot)

To make this knot, the yard is draped around two warp strands but only one of these warps is completely encircled.

The yarn is then passed open behind the adjoining warp in such a way that the two ends have only a single warp dividing them. The knot could be wrapped in either direction and are said to be open either to the right or open to the left.

Sources

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knotted-pile_carpet

https://rugs.com/blog/types-of-rug-knot-turkish-knots-vs-persian-knots/